Inorganic Chemistry-I ( अकार्बनिक रसायन-I)

Unit

¼bdkbZ½

Topic

fo"k;

I

I.        Atomic Structure: Quantum mechanics-based structure of atom in brief, shapes of s, p and d orbitals, Aufbau and Pauli Exclusion principles, Hund's Multiplicity rules. Electronic configurations of the elements, effective nuclear charge.

II.      Periodic Properties and Classification based upon Electronic Configuration: Diagonal relationship, inert pair effect, atomic and ionic radii, van der waal radii, ionization energy,

III.   Electron Affinity and Electronegativity: Definition, Method of Determination, Trends in periodic table and applications in predicting and explaining chemical behaviour.

I.        ijek.kq lajpuk&la{ksi esa ijek.kq dh DokaVe ;kaf=dh&vkèkkfjr lajpuk] s, p vkSj d v‚fcZVYl ds vkdkj] vkWQckÅ vkSj ikmyh viotZu fl)kar] gqaM dk cgqyrk fu;eA rRoksa dk bysDVª‚fud foU;kl] çHkkoh ukfHkdh; vkos'kA

II.      bysDVª‚fud foU;kl ds vkèkkj ij vkorhZ xq.k vkSj oxÊdj.k&fod.kZ lacaèk] vfØ; ;qXe çHkko] ijek.kq vkSj vk;fud f=T;k] ok.Mj oky f=T;k] vk;uu ÅtkZ]

III.   ¼bysDVª‚u ca/kqrk vkSj fo|qr _.kkRedrk&ifjHkk"kk] fuèkkZj.k dh fofèk] vkorZ lkj.kh esa izo`fÙk vkSj jklk;fud O;ogkj dk iwokZuqeku ,oa O;k[;k djus esa vuqç;ksxA½

II

IV.    Chemical Bonding 

a)       Covalent Bond: valence bond theory and its limitations, directional characteristic of covalent bond. Hybridization and shapes of simple molecules and ions. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory to simple molecules and ions. Molecular Orbital theory for homonuclear and heteronuclear (CO and NO) diatomic molecules, multi-center bonding in electron deficient molecules, bond strength and the bond energy, % ionic character from dipole moment and electro negativity difference.

b)       Weak Interactions: Hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals forces.

IV.    jklk;fud ca/k&

a)       lgla;kstd caèk&la;kstd caèk fl)kar vkSj bldh lhek,a] lgla;kstd caèk dh fn'kkRed fo'ks"krkA ljy v.kqvksa vkSj vk;uksa dk ladj.k vkSj vkdkjA la;ksth dks'k bysDVª‚u ;qXe çfrd"kZ.k (VSEPR) fl)kar ljy v.kqvksa vkSj vk;uksa ds fy,A leukfHkdh; vkSj fo"keukfHkdh; ¼CO vkSj NO½ f}ijek.kfod v.kqvksa ds fy, vk.kfod vkWfcZVy fl)kar] bysDVª‚u dh deh okys v.kqvksa esa cgq&dsaæ caèk] caèk lkeF;Z vkSj caèk ÅtkZ] f}èkzqoh; vk?kw.kZ ls vk;fud fo'ks"krk vkSj fo|qr _.kkRed varjA½

b)       ¼nqcZy var% fØ;k,a& gkbMªkstu caèk] ok.Mj okYl cyA½

III

V.      Ionic Solid: ionic structures, radius ratio effect and coordination number, limitation of ratio rule, Lattice defects, Lattice energy and Born-Haber cycle, solvation energy and solubility of ionic solids, polarizing power and polarizability of ions. Fajan's rule, Metallic bond free electron, Valence bond and Band theories.

VI.    s-Block Elements: Comparative study, salient features of hydrides, salvation and complexation tendencies of cations of alkali and alkaline earth matter including their function in biosystems, an introduction to alkyls and aryls of Li & Mg.

VII. Noble Gases: Chemical properties of the noble gases, discovery of O₂⁺ PtF₆^ˉ and O₂XeF₆. Chemistry of xenon, structure and bonding in xenon compounds.

V.              vk;fud Bksl&vk;fud lajpuk,a] f=T;k vuqikr çHkko vkSj milgla;kstu la[;k] vuqikr fu;e dh lhek] tkyd nks"k] tkyd ÅtkZ vkSj cksuZ&gscj pØ] foyk;d;kstu ÅtkZ vkSj vk;fud Bksl inkFkksZa dh ?kqyu'khyrk] èkzqohdj.k lkeF;Z vkSj vk;uksa dh èkzqo.kh;rkA Qtku dk fu;e] èkkfRod caèk eqDr bysDVª‚u] la;ksth caèk vkSj cSaM fl)karA

VI.    s-Cy‚d rRo& rqyukRed vè;;u] gkbMªkbM~l dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,a] {kkj vkSj {kkjh; e`nk /kkrq ds m)j.kksa dh eqfDr vkSj ladqyu dh ço`fÙk] tSora= esa muds dk;Z lfgr] Li  vkSj Mg ds ,sfYdy vkSj ,sfjy dk ifjp;A

VII. mRÑ"V xSlsa& mRÑ"V xSlksa ds jklk;fud xq.k] O₂⁺ PtF₆^ˉ vkSj O₂XeF₆ dh [kkstA thukWu ;kSfxdksa esa thukWu] lajpuk vkSj caèk dh jlk;u

IV

VIII. p-Block Elements: Comparative study (including diagonal relationship) physical and chemical behaviour of group 13-17 elements, compounds like hydrides, oxides, oxyacids and halides ofgroup 13-16, diborane, boronitride α, β forms, Fullerenes, silicates(structural principle) andstructures of oxides and oxyacids of phosphorus and sulphur, interhalogens and polyhalides.

VIII.     p-Cy‚d rRo& rqyukRed vè;;u ¼fod.kZ lacaèk lfgr½ lewg 13&17 rRoksa ds HkkSfrd vkSj jklk;fud O;ogkj] ;kSfxd tSls gkbMªkbM~l] v‚DlkbM] v‚DlhvEy vkSj lewg 13&16 ds gSykbM~l] Mkbcksjsu] cksjksukbVªkbM α] β :i] Qqyjhu] flfydsV~l ¼lajpukRed fl)kar½ vkSj QkLQksjl vkSj lYQj] varj gSykstu vkSj i‚yhgSykbM~l ds v‚DlkbM vkSj v‚DlhvEy dh lajpuk,aA½