Community Health Nursing -I Book B.Sc Nursing 5th Sem

Unit

Content

Time

(Hrs)

I

Concepts of Community Health and Community Health Nursing

·         Definition of public health, community health and community health nursing

·         Public health in India and its evolution and Scope of community health nursing

·         Review: Concepts of Health & Illness/Disease: Definition, dimensions and determinants of health and disease

·         Natural history of disease

·         Levels of Prevention: Primary, Secondary & Tertiary prevention – Review

·         Health problems (Profile) of India

4 (T)

II

Health Care Planning and Organization of Health Care at Various Levels

·         Health planning steps

·         Health Planning in India: Various committees and commissions on health and family welfare and Five Year plans

·         Participation of community and stakeholders in health planning

·         Health Care Delivery System in India: Infrastructure and Health sectors, Delivery of health services at Sub-Centre (SC), PHC, CHC, district level, State level and National level

·         Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Primary Health Care and Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC): Elements, Principles

·         CPHC through SC/Health Wellness Center (HWC)

·         Role of MLHP/CHP

·         National Health Care Policies and Regulations 

o    National Health Policy (1983, 2002, 2017)

o   National Health Mission (NHM): National Rural Health Mission (NRHM),

o    National Urban Health Mission (NUHM), NHM

o    National Health Protection Mission (NHPM)

o    Ayushman Bharat

o    Universal Health Coverage

8 (T)

III

Environmental Science, Environmental Health, and Sanitation

·         Natural Resources: Renewable and non-renewable resources, natural resources and associated problems: Forest resources, water resources, mineral resources, food resources, energy resources and land resources

·         Role of individuals in conservation of natural resources, and equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles

·         Ecosystem: Concept, structure and functions of ecosystems, Types & Characteristics – Forest ecosystem, Grassland ecosystem, Desert ecosystem, Aquatic ecosystem, Energy flow in ecosystem

·         Biodiversity: Classification, value of bio-diversity, threats to biodiversity, conservation of biodiversity

·         Environmental Pollution: Introduction, causes, effects and control measures of Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Marine pollution, Noise pollution, Thermal pollution, nuclear hazards & their impact on health

·         Climate Change, Global Warming: Ex. heat wave, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, waste land reclamation & its impact on health

·         Social Issues and Environment: Sustainable development, urban problems related to energy, water and environmental ethics

·         Acts related to environmental protection and preservation

Environmental Health & Sanitation

·         Concept of environment health and sanitation

·         Concept of safe water, sources of water, waterborne diseases, water purification processes, household purification of water

·         Physical and chemical standards of drinking water quality and tests for assessing bacteriological quality of water

·                   Concepts of Water Conservation: Rain water harvesting and water shed management

·         Solid waste management, human excreta disposal & management and sewage disposal and management

·         Commonly used insecticides and pesticides

15 (T)

IV

Nutrition Assessment and Nutrition Education

·         Review of Nutrition

o    Concepts, types

o    Meal Planning: Aims, steps & diet plan for different age groups

o    Nutrition assessment of individuals, families and community by using appropriate methods

·         Planning suitable diet for individuals and families according to local availability of foods, dietary habits and economic status

·         General nutritional advice

·         Nutrition Education: Purpose, principles & methods and Rehabilitation

·         Review: Nutritional deficiency disorders

·         National Nutritional Policy & programs in India

Food Borne Diseases and Food Safety Food-borne diseases

·         Definition, & burden, Causes and classification 

·         Signs & Symptoms

·         Transmission of food borne pathogens & toxins

·         Early identification, initial management and referral

Food Poisoning & Food Intoxication

·         Epidemiological features/clinical characteristics, Types of food poisoning

·         Food Intoxication-features, preventive & control measures

·         Public health response to food borne diseases

7 (T)

V

Communication Management and Health Education

·         Behaviour change communication skills

o    Communication

o    Human behaviour

o    Health Belief Model: Concepts & definition, ways to influence behavior

o    Steps of behaviour change

o    Techniques of Behaviour Change: Guiding principles in planning BCC activity

o    Steps of BCC

o    Social and Behaviour Change Communication Strategies (SBCC): Techniques to collect social history from clients

o    Barriers to effective communication, and methods to overcome them

·         Health Promotion and Health Education: Methods/techniques, and audio-visual aids

6 (T)

VI

·         Community Health Nursing Approaches, Concepts, Roles and Responsibilities of Community Health Nursing Personnel

·                   Review: Primary health care and Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC)

Home Visits:

·         Concept, Principles, Process, & Techniques: Bag technique

·         Qualities of Community Health Nurse

·         Roles and responsibilities of community health nursing personnel in family health services

·         Review: Principles & techniques of counseling

7 (T)

VII

Assisting Individuals and Families to Promote and Maintain their Health

A. Assessment of individuals and families (Review from Child health nursing, Medical surgical nursing and OBG Nursing)

·         Assessment of children, women, adolescents, elderly etc.

·         Children: Monitoring growth and development, milestones

·         Anthropometric measurements, BMI

·         Social development

·         Temperature and Blood pressure monitoring

·         Menstrual cycle

·         Breast Self-Examination (BSE) and Testicles Self Examination (TSE)

·         Warning Signs of various diseases

·         Tests: Urine for sugar and albumin, blood sugar, Hemoglobin

B. Provision of health services/primary health care:

·         Routine check-up, Immunization, counseling, and diagnosis

·         Management of common diseases at home and health centre level

o    Care based on standing orders/protocols approved by MoH&FW

o    Drugs dispensing and injections at health centre

C. Continue medical care and follow up in community for various diseases/disabilities

D. Carry out therapeutic procedures as prescribed/required for client and family

E. Maintenance of health records and reports

·         Maintenance of client records

·         Maintenance of health records at the facility level

·         Report writing and documentation of activities carried out during home visits, in the clinics/centers and field visits

F. Sensitize and handle social issues affecting health and development of the family

G. Utilize community resources for client and family

10 (T)

VIII

Introduction to Epidemiology – Epidemiological Approaches and Processes

·         Epidemiology: Concept and Definition

·         Distribution and frequency of disease

·         Aims & uses of epidemiology

·         Epidemiological models of causation of disease

·         Concepts of disease transmission

·         Modes of Transmission: Direct, Indirect and chain of infection

·         Time trends or fluctuations in disease occurrence

·         Epidemiological approaches: Descriptive, analytical and experimental

·         Principles of control measures/levels of prevention of disease

·         Investigation of an epidemic of communicable disease

·         Use of basic epidemiological tools to make community diagnosis for effective planning and intervention

10 (T)

IX

Communicable Diseases and National Health Programs

1. Communicable Diseases : Vector-borne diseases (Every disease will be dealt under the following headlines)

·         Epidemiology of the following vector-borne diseases

·         Prevention & control measures

·         Screening, and diagnosing the following conditions, primary management, referral and follow-up

2. Communicable Diseases: Infectious diseases (Every disease will be dealt under the following headlines)

·         Epidemiology of the following infectious diseases

·         Prevention & Control measures

·         Screening, diagnosing the following conditions, primary management, referral and follow-up

o    Leprosy

o    Tuberculosis

o    Vaccine preventable diseases – Diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, poliomyelitis and measles

o    Enteric fever

o    Viral hepatitis

o    HIV/AIDS/RTI infections

o    HIV/AIDS, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases/ Reproductive tract infections (STIs/RTIs)

o    Diarrhoea

o    Respiratory tract infections

o    COVID-19

o    Helminthic – Soil & food transmitted and parasitic infections – Scabies and pediculosis

3. Communicable Diseases: Zoonotic diseases

·         Epidemiology of Zoonotic diseases

·         Prevention & control measures

·         Screening and diagnosing the following conditions, primary management, referral and follow up 

o    Rabies: Identify, suspect, primary management and referral to a health facility

·         Role of a nurses in control of communicable diseases