Business Organization

Unit 1

Concept, Nature, and Scope of Business; Business as a System: Input–Process–Output Model; Business and Environment Interface: Economic, Social, Legal, Political, and Technological; Classification of Business Activities: Industry, Commerce, and Trade; Forms of Business Ownership:, Sole Proprietorship, Joint Hindu Family Firm, Partnership Firm, Joint Stock Company, Co-operative Organization; Types of Companies: Private, Public, Government, One-Person Company; Organs of a Company: Shareholders, Board of Directors, Management; Company Meetings and Resolutions: Statutory, Annual General Meeting, Extraordinary General Meeting; Choice of Form of Organization: Factors Influencing the Decision; Stages in the Formation and Establishment of a Firm.

15

Unit 2

SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises):, Meaning, Characteristics, and Classification, Role and Significance in a Developing Economy, Common Problems and Government Support Programs; Public Sector Enterprises: Concept and Rationale, Forms: Departmental Undertakings, Public Corporations, Government Companies, Performance, Challenges, and Reforms; Government Initiatives and Schemes for Small Business Development.

15

Unit 3

Government and Business Interface: Need and Rationale, Forms of Government Intervention: Regulation, Promotion, Control, and Planning; Business Risk: Meaning and Nature, Causes and Types of Risk: Financial, Operational, Strategic, Compliance, Natural, Risk Management: Need and Importance, Techniques of Risk Handling: Avoidance, Retention, Sharing, and Transfer (Insurance)

15

Unit 4

Business Combinations: Meaning and Causes; Types: horizontal, Vertical, Conglomerate; Forms: Mergers, Amalgamations, Takeovers, Joint Ventures, Cartels, Syndicates; Business Associations and Their Roles: Chambers of Commerce and Industry, FICCI (Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry), CII (Confederation of Indian Industry), ASSOCHAM (Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India), AIMO (All India Manufacturers’ Organization)

15