Organic Chemistry Biomolecules (Chemistry Paper-II) Bihar B.Sc Six Semester

Biomolecules  (Theory: 4 credits)

Unit

Topics to be covered

'kkfey fd, tkus okys fo"k;

No. of

Lec.

1.

Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins:

Classification of a-Amino Acids, General methods of synthesis, ionic properties and reactions, Zwitterions, pK_a, values, isoelectric point and electrophoresis, study of peptides: Oligo and polypeptides, features of peptide bonds, syntheses of peptides using N-protecting, C-protecting and C-activating groups, solid-phase synthesis, elementary idea of primary. secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins.

vehuks vEy] isIVkbM~l ,oa çksVhu&

α&vehuks vEy dk oxhZdj.k] la'ys"k.k dh lkekU; fof/k;k¡] vk;fud xq.k ,oa vfHkfØ;k,¡] fToVj vk;u] pK_a eku] lefoHko fcanq vkSj oS|qrd.klapyu] isIVkbM~l dk v/;;u& vksfyxks vkSj i‚yhisIVkbM~l] isIVkbM ca/kksa ds xq.k] N&j{kkRed] C&j{kkRed vkSj C&lfØ;d lewgksa dk mi;ksx djds isIVkbM~l dk la'ys"k.k] Bksl&pj.k la'ys"k.k] çksVhu dh çkFkfed] f}rh;d] r`rh;d vkSj prqFkZd lajpukvksa dh çkFkfed vo/kkj.kkA

10

2.

Nucleic Acids:

Components of nucleic acids, nucleosides and nucleotides, Structure and syntheses of Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil and Thymine, structure of polynucleotides and DNA double helix.

U;wfDyd vEy&

U;wfDyd vEy ds ?kVd] U;wfDy;kslkbM~l ,oa U;wfDy;ksVkbM~l] ,Mhuhu] Xokuhu] lkbVkslhu] ;wjsfly vkSj Fkk;ehu dh lajpuk vkSj la'ys"k.k] i‚yhU;wfDy;ksVkbM~l vkSj DNA Mcy gsfyDl dh lajpukA

10

3.

Enzymes and Lipids:

Introduction, classification and characteristics of enzymes, mechanism of enzyme action (taking trypsin as example), factors affecting enzyme action specificity of enzyme action, enzyme inhibitors and their importance, phenomenon of inhibition (competitive, uncompetitive and non-competitive inhibition), Introduction to oils and fats, classification of lipids, phospholipids, hydrogenation and iodine number, saponification value.

,atkbe ,oa fyfiM&

ifjp;] oxhZdj.k vkSj xq.k] ,atkbe fØ;k dh fØ;kfof/k ¼fVªfIlu dks mnkgj.k ds :i esa ysrs gq,½] ,atkbe fØ;k dks çHkkfor djus okys dkjd] ,atkbe fØ;k dh fof'k"Vrk] ,atkbe vojks/kd vkSj mudk egRo] vojks/ku dh ?kVuk ¼çfrLi/khZ] vçfrLi/khZ vkSj xSj&ÁfrLi/khZ vojks/ku½] rsy ,oa olk dk ifjp;] fyfiM dk oxhZdj.k] Q‚LQksfyfiM] gkbMªkstuhdj.k vkSj vk;ksMhu la[;k] lkcquhdj.k ekuA

10

4.

Concept of Energy in Biosystems and Pharmaceutical Compounds:

Role of ATP in glycolysis during phosphorylation of glucose, conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate, cleavage of fructose-1,6-biphosphate, oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-biphosphoglycerate, phosphoryl transfer from biphosphate to ADP, Conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate, dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate, transfer of the phosphoryl group from phosphonyl pyruvate to ADP and overall energy balance sheet for ATP. Structure, syntheses and therapeutic uses of aspirin, paracetamol, and ibuprofen, medicinal values of curcumin (haldi), azadirachtin (neem) and vitamin C.
 

tSo ra=ksa ,oa vkS"k/kh; ;kSfxdksa esa ÅtkZ dh vo/kkj.kk&

Xywdkst ds Q‚LQksfjyhdj.k ds nkSjku Xykbdksfyfll esa ATP dh Hkwfedk] Xywdkst&6&Q‚LQsV dk ÝDVkst&6&Q‚LQsV esa :ikarj.k] ÝDVkst&6&Q‚LQsV dk Q‚LQksfjyhdj.k] ÝDVkst&1]6&fclQkWLQsV dk fonyu] fXyljkfYMgkbM&3&Q‚LQsV dk 1]3&fclQkWLQksfXyljsV esa v‚Dlhdj.k] fclQkWLQsV ls ADP esa Q‚LQksfjy LFkkukarj.k] 3&Q‚LQksfXyljsV dk 2&Q‚LQksfXyljsV esa LFkkukarj.k] 2&Q‚LQksfXyljsV dk tyvi?kVu] Q‚LQksfuy ikb:osV ls ADP esa Q‚LQksfjy lewg dk LFkkukarj.k vkSj ATP ds fy, dqy ÅtkZ larqyu i=A ,fLifju] iSjkflVkeksy vkSj bcqçksQsu dh lajpuk] la'ys"k.k vkSj fpfdRlh; mi;ksx] djD;wfeu ¼gYnh½] vtkfMjSfDVu ¼uhe½ vkSj foVkfeu C ds vkS"k/kh; xq.kA   

18

Total

dqy

48

Biomolecules (Practical: 2 credits)

tSo v.kq ¼ç;ksxkRed& 2 ØsfMV½

Practical:

Tests of amino acids and proteins:

1)       Estimation of glycine by Sorenson's formalin method.

2)       Study of the titration curve of glycine.

3)       Test of proteins.

Experiments related to enzymes, oils and fats:

1)       Study of the action of salivary amylase on starch at optimum conditions.

2)       Effect of temperature on the action of salivary amylase.

3)       Saponification value of an oil or a fat.

4)       Determination of lodine number of an oil/ fat.

Experiment related to pharmaceutical compounds

1)       Synthesis of salicylic acid and aspirin.

ç;ksxkRed&

vehuks vEy vkSj çksVhu ds ijh{k.k&

1)       lksjsalu dh Q‚esZfyu fof/k }kjk Xykblhu dk vk¡dyuA

2)       Xykblhu ds vuqekiu oØ dk v/;;u djukA

3)       çksVhu dk xq.kkRed ijh{k.k djukA

,atkbe] rsy ,oa olk ls lacaf/kr ijh{k.k&

1)               b"Vre fLFkfr;ksa esa LVkpZ ij ykj ,ekbyst dh fØ;k dk v/;;u djukA

2)       ykj ,ekbyst dh fØ;k ij rkieku dk çHkkoA

3)       rsy ;k olk dk lkcquhdj.k ekuA

4)       rsy@olk dh vk;ksMhu la[;k Kkr djukA

vkS"k/kh; ;kSfxdksa ls lacaf/kr ç;ksx

1)       lSfyflfyd vEy vkSj ,fLifju dk la'ys"k.kA