Nursing Foundations (नर्सिंग के मूल सिद्धांत एवं प्राथमिक उपचार)

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Thakur Publication Presenting the books of ‘Nursing Foundations (नर्सिंग के मूल सिद्धांत एवं प्राथमिक उपचार) GNM 1st year book in hindi. Fundamentals of nursing covered all syllabus.

Nursing Foundations (Nursing ke Mool Siddhant and Prathmik Upchar) with this comprehensive guide. Delve into the core concepts of nursing, including patient assessment, vital signs, hygiene, and more.

COMPREHENSIVE COVERAGE – READER FAVORITE

This book is designed to equip nursing students with essential knowledge and skills for delivering quality patient care. Discover the foundations of nursing practice and enhance your understanding of primary care with this invaluable resource. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals seeking a solid grounding in nursing principles and primary treatment.

ISBN- 978-93-90460-56-4/English Authors- Dr. Archana Selvan, Dr. D.P. Nagar/Hindi Authors- Dr. Jyoti Ramshankar Tiwari , Lal Bahadur Sharma

                                                                                        Syllabus ¼ikB~;Øe½

1.3. NURSING FOUNDATIONS

1.3. (1) FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING ¼ufl±x ds ewy fl)kUr½

Unit ¼bdkbZ½

Objectives Content

¼fo"k;oLrq lkexzh½

Hr.  ¼?kaVs½

I

Introduction to Nursing ¼uflZax dk ifjp;½

a)       Nursing – Concept, Meaning, Definitions, Scope and Functions. ¼uflZax&vo/kkj.kk] vk’k; vFkZ] ifjHkk"kk,¡] dk;Z {ks= rFkk dk;ZA½

b)       History of Nursing in India ¼Hkkjr esa uflZax dk bfrgkl½

b)       Nursing as a Profession ¼uflZax ,d O;olk; ds :i esa½

c)       Nursing Professional – qualities and preparation. ¼ufl±x is’ksoj&fo’ks"krk,¡ rFkk miØe½

d)       Ethics in Nursing-roles and responsibilities of a nurse. ¼ulZ dh Hkwfedkvksa rFkk mÙkjnkf;Ùoksa ufl±x esa xhfr’kkL= esa uSfrdrkA½

e)       Health care agencies – hospital and community service – types and function of hospitals health team. ¼LokLF; ns[kHkky ,tsafl;ksa&vLirky rFkk lkeqnkf;d lsok&vLirkyksa dh LokLF; lewg ds çdkj ,oa dk;ZA½

f)        Modern approaches to nursing care including holistic nursing care¼uflZax ns[kHkky ds fy, vk/kqfud n`f"Vdks.k ftlesa lexz uflZax ns[kHkky Hkh lfEefyr gSA½

g)       Health and Disease ¼LokLF; ,oa jksx½

-          Definition of health, determinants of health status. ¼LokLF; dh ifjHkk"kk] LokLF; dh fLFkfr ds fu/kkZjdA½

-          Basic human needs ¼ewyHkwr ekuoh; vko’;drk,¡½

-          Illness and its effects on individual ¼chekjh rFkk O;fDr ij blds çHkko½

25

II

Nursing Care of the Patient ¼jksxh dh uflZax ns[kHkky½

a)       Patient Environment in the hospital Patients unit ¼vLirky ds ejhtksa dh Js.kh esa jksxh dk okrkoj.k½

b)       Therapeutic environment ¼fpfdRlh; okrkoj.k½

-   Physical factors – lighting temperature, ventilation, humidity, noise, pestilence. ¼HkkSfrd dkjd&çdk’k rkieku] laokru] vknzZrk] /ofu] egkekjhA½

-   Safety needs prevention of environmental hazard ¼i;kZoj.kh; [krjs dh lqj{kk ds fy, jksdFkke dh vko’;drk gSA½

-    Psychosocial and aesthetic factors. ¼ekuks lkekftd rFkk lkSUnz;Z lEcU/kh dkjdA½

c)       Patient’s Adjustment to the Hospital. ¼vLirky esa jksxh dk lek;kstu½

-   Understanding the patient as a person socio economic and cultural background, health status etc. ¼jksxh dks ,d O;fDr ds lkekftd] vkfFkZd rFkk lkaLd`frd i`"BHkwfe] LokLF; dh fLFkfr vkfn ds :i esa le>ukA½

-   Effect of hospitalization on patient and family. ¼jksxh ,oa ifjokj ij vLirky esa HkrhZ gksus dk çHkkoA½

-   Admission, transfer, discharge procedures ¼ços’k] LFkkukarj.k] fuoZgu çfØ;k,¡½

d)       Basic Nursing Skills-¼ewy uflZax ;ksX;rk½

-   Communication ¼lapkj½                          Nursing interview ¼uflZax lk{kkRdkj½

-   Recording and reporting ¼fjdkWfMZax rFkk fjiksfVZax½

e)       Nursing Process ¼uflZax çfØ;k½

-   Meaning and Importance ¼ç;kstu ,oa egÙo½

-   Assessment, Planning, Implementation and Evaluation ¼vkdyu] ;kstuk] dk;kZUo;u ,oa ewY;kadu½

-   Nursing Care Plan. ¼uflZax ns[kHkky ;kstukA½

6

III

Meeting the Basic Needs of a Patient Physical Needs ¼,d ejht dh HkkSfrd vko’;drk,¡ ewy vko’;drkvksa dh iwfrZ½

a)       Comfort, rest, Sleep and exercise. –Importanceand its promotion ¼lqfo/kk] foJke] uhan ,oa O;k;ke&blds lao/kZu ,oa egÙo½

b)       body mechanics –moving, lifting, transferring ¼'kjhj ;kfU=dh&pykuk] mBkuk] LFkkukarj.k½

c)       Position and posture maintenance ¼fLFkfr ,oa LFkku dk laj{k.k½

d)       comfort devices, Beds and bed making – Principles of bed making, types and care of bed linen ¼lqfo/kk midj.kksa] fcLrj ,oa fcLrj fuekZ.k&fcLrj fuekZ.k ds fl)kUr] çdkj rFkk fcLrj dh pknj dh ns[kHkky½

e)       safety devices, restraints and splints ¼lqj{kk midj.kksa] çfrca/k ,oa [kiPph½

f)        Exercises – Active and Passive ¼O;k;ke&lfØ; ,oa fuf"Ø;½

 

Hygienic needs ¼LokLF; lEcU/kh vko’;drk,¡½

-   personal and environmental hygiene ¼O;fDrxr ,oa i;kZoj.kh; LoPNrk½

-   Nurses role in maintaining personal and environmental hygiene. ¼O;fDrxr ,oa i;kZoj.kh; LoPNrk cuk, j[kus esa ulksZa dh HkwfedkA½

-   Care of eyes, nose, ears, hands and feet. ¼vk¡[k] ukd] dku] gkFk rFkk iSjksa dh ns[kHkky]½

-   Care of mouth, skin, hair and genitalia ¼eq[k] Ropk] cky] ,oa tuukaxksa dh ns[kHkky]½

-   Care of pressure areas, bed sores. ¼ncko {ks=ksa] fcLrj oz.kksa dh ns[kHkky½

 

Nutritional needs ¼iks"k.k dh vko;drk,¡½

-   Diet in Health and disease ¼LokLF; ,oa jksx esa vkgkj½

-   Factors Affecting Nutrition in illness, ¼chekjh esa iks"k.k dks çHkkfor djus okys dkjd½

-   Nurse’s Role in meeting Patients Nutritional needs. ¼ejhtksa dh iks"k.k lEcU/kh vko’;drkvksa dks iwjk djus esa ulZ dh Hkwfedk½

-   Modification of diet in illness. ¼chekjh esa vkgkj dk la’kks/ku½

-   Diet planning and serving. ¼vkgkj ;kstuk ,oa lsok½

-   Feeding helpless patients including artificial methods of feeding. ¼Hkkstu dks d`f=e fu;e lfgr vlgk; jksfx;ksa dks f[kykuk½

 

Elimination needs ¼fuLdklu dh vko’;drk,¡½

-   health and sickness ¼LokLF; ,oa chekjh½

-   Problems – constipation and diarrhea, retention and incontinence of urine. ¼leL;k,¡&dCt ,oa nLr] ewy dk vla;e rFkk çfr/kkj.k½

-   Nurse’s role in meeting elimination needs. ¼fuLdklu vko’;drkvksa dks iwjk djus esa ulZ dh Hkwfedk½

-   Offering bedpan and urinal, ¼'k¸;k eyik= ¼csMiSu½ ,oa ewyik= çLrko½

-   Observing and Recording abnormalities. ¼vlkekU;rkvksa dk voyksdu ,oa fjdkWfMZax½

-   Preparation and giving of laxative, suppositories, enemas, bowel wash, flatus tube. ¼jspd] liksflVjh] ,uhek] vka= /kkou] vikuok;q ufydk rS;kj djuk ,oa nsukA½

-   Perineal care, care of patient with urinary catheter, diapers. ¼ewyk/kkj ns[kHkky] ewy dSFksVj] Mk;ij ds lkFk jksxh dh ns[kHkky½

-   Maintenance of intake and output records ¼vUrZxzg.k ,oa fuxar fjdkWMZ dk laj{k.k½

 

Psychological and spiritual needs ¼euksoSKkfud ,oa vk/;kfRed vko’;drk,¡½

-   Importance ¼egÙo½

-   Nurse’s role ¼ulZ dh Hkwfedk½

-   Diversional and Recreational therapy ¼fofo/k ,oa euksfon fpfdRlk½

 

Care of terminally ill and dying ¼vR; jksxh ,oa e`R;qdkfyd dh ns[kHkky½

-   dying patient’s signs and symptoms of approaching death, needs of dying patient and family, ¼e`R;qdkfyd ejht ds ladsr ,oa ekSr ds djhc vkus ds y{k.k] e`R;qdkfyd ejht rFkk ifjokj dh vko’;drk,¡½

-   Nursing care of dying-: Special onsiderations, advance directives, euthanasia, will, dying declaration, organ donation etc. ¼e`R;qdkfyd dh uflZax ns[kHkky&fo’ks"k vf/kdkj] vfxze funsZ’k] bPNke`R;q] bPNk e`R;q dh ?kks"k.kk] vaxnku vkfnA½

-   Medico Legal Issues ¼fpfdRld dkuwuh eqn~ns½

-   Care of the dead body ¼'ko dh ns[kHkky½

-   Care of unit¼bdkbZ dh ns[kHkky½

-   Autopsy ¼’oijh{kk½

-   Embalming ¼’koysiu½

60

IV

Hygiene Personal and Mental Hygiene ¼LoPNrk O;fDrxr ,oa ekufld LoPNrk½

Care of skin, hair, teeth, eyes, ears, hands and feet, Rest and sleep, Exercise, Activity, recreation, posture, nutrition, elimination and menstrual hygiene Developing good health habits ¼Ùopk] cky] nk¡r] vk¡[k] dku] gkFk ,oa iSj] vkjke rFkk uhan] O;k;ke] xfrfof/k] euksjatu] vklu] iks"k.k] foyksiu rFkk ekfld /keZ LoPNrk dh ns[kHkky vPNh LokLF; vknrksa dk fodkl&½

-   Prevention and protection of disease ¼chekjh dk fuokj.k ,oa lqj{kk½

-   Maintenance of health records ¼LokLF; fjdkWMZ dk laj{k.k½

-   Reproductive health and hygiene ¼iztuu LokLF; ,oa LoPNrk½

-   Sex education and hygiene ¼;kSu f’k{kk ,oa LoPNrk½

 

Mental Health and hygiene ¼ekufld LokLF; ,oa LoPNrk½

-   Concepts of Mental Health and Hygiene. ¼ekufld LokLF; ,oa LoPNrk dh vo/kkj.kk½

-   Characteristics of a Physically and Mentally Healthy Person¼'kkjhfjd ,oa ekufld :i ls LokLFk O;fDr ds y{k.k½

-   Mental Hygiene in Intrauterine, Infancy, Childhood, Adolescence, Adulthood and old age. ¼varxZHkkZ’k;h] f’k’kq] cpiu] fd’kksjkoLFkk] o;Ldrk rFkk o`)koLFkk esa ekufld LoPNrkA½

15

V

 

 

 

Assessment of patient/client ¼jksxh@lsokFkhZ dk vkadyu½

a)       Physical Assessment ¼HkkSfrd vkadyu½

-   Importance, principles, methods of assessment ¼egÙo] fl)kUr] vkadyu ds i)fr½

-   Height, Weight, posture ¼Å¡pkbZ] otu] vklu½

-   Head to toe examination. ¼flj ls iSj dh vaxqyh dk ijh{k.k½

b)       Physiological Assessment ¼'kkjhfjd vkadyu½

-   Vital signs, normal, abnormal Characteristics  factors influencing the variations, ¼dkjdksa dks çHkkfor djus okys egÙoiw.kZ ladsr] lkekU;] vlkekU; y{k.k]½

-   Observation and collection of specimens-urine, stool, vomitus and sputum. ¼çs{k.k ,oa uewuksa dk laxzg&ewy] ey] oeu rFkk FkwdA½

 

Psychological Assessment-Mood, Intelligence, Emotions Normal and Abnormal behavior. ¼'kkjhfjd vkadyu&euksn’kk] çKrk] lkekU; Hkkouk,¡ ,oa vlkekU; O;ogkjA½

14

 

 

 

 

 

VI

Infection Control ¼laØe.k fu;a=.k½

a)       Infection Control : ¼laØe.k fu;a=.k½

-   Nature of Infection¼laØe.k dh çd`fr½

-   Chain of Infection Transmission ¼laØe.k lapj.k dh J`a[kyk½

-   Defense Against infection : Natural and Acquired ¼lØe.k ds fo#) j{kk&çk—frd ,oa vfHkx`ghr½

-   Hospital Acquired Infection (Nosocomial Infection) ¼vLirky ls çkIr laØe.k ¼vLirkyh; laØe.k½

b)       Concept of Asepsis : ¼vkiwfrrk dh vo/kkj.kk½

-   Medical and Surgical Asepsis ¼fpfdRlk ,oa 'kY; fpfdRlk vkiwfrrk½

-   Isolation Precautions , Barrier Nursing ¼çkFkZD; dh lko/kkfj;k¡] uflZax vojks/k½

-   Hand Washing : Simple, Hand Asepsis, Surgical Asepsis (SCRUB) ¼gkFk dks /kksuk&vklku] gkFk dh vkiwfrrk] 'kY; fpfdRlk viwfrrk ¼LØc½

-   Isolation – Source and Protection ¼çkFkZD; &Lkzksr rFkk laj{k.k½

-   Personal Protective Equipments –Types, uses and techniques of wearing and removing ¼O;fDrxr lqj{kk midj.k&iguus rFkk gVkus dh rduhd] mi;ksx ,oa çdkj½

-   Decontamination of unit and Equipment ¼Js.kh rFkk lkexzh dk ifj’kks/ku½

-   Transportation of Infected Patient ¼laØfer jksxh dk ifjogu½

-   Standard Safety Precaution ¼ekud lqj{kk lko/kkuh½

-   Transmission Based Precautions ¼lapj.k vk/kkfjr lko/kkfu;k¡½

c)       bio-medical waste management ¼tSo&fpfdRlk vif’k"V çca/ku½

-   Importance ¼egÙo½

-   Types of Hospital Wastes ¼vLirky vif’k"V ds çdkj½

-   Hazards Associated with hospital waste ¼vLirky ds vif’k"V ls lacaf/kr [krjs½

-   Decontamination of Hospital waste ¼vLirky ds vif’k"V dk ifj’kks/ku½

-   Segregation and Transportation ¼fo;kstu ,oa ifjogu½

-   Disposal ¼fuLrkj.k½

20

 

 

 

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