Engineering Chemistry

SYLLABUS

CYT-100: ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

Module 1: Electrochemistry and Corrosion

Introduction - Differences between electrolytic and electrochemical cells - Daniel cell – redox reactions - cell representation. Different types of electrodes (brief) - Reference electrodes - SHE - Calomel electrode - Glass Electrode - Construction and Working. Single electrode potential - definition - Helmholtz electrical double layer -Determination of E0 using calomel electrode. Determination of pH using glass electrode. Electrochemical series and its applications. Free energy and EMF - Nernst Equation - Derivation - single electrode and cell (Numericals) -Application - Variation of emf with temperature. Potentiometric titration - Introduction - Redox titration only. Lithiumion cell - construction and working. Conductivity- Measurement of conductivity of a solution (Numericals). Corrosion-Electrochemicalcorrosion – mechanism. Galvanic series- cathodic protection – electroless plating –Copper and Nickel plating.

Module 2: Spectroscopic Techniques and Applications

Introduction- Types of spectrum - electromagnetic spectrum - molecular energy levels – Beer Lambert’s law (Numericals). UV-Visible Spectroscopy – Principle - Types of electronic transitions - Energy level diagram of ethane, butadiene, benzene and hexatriene. Instrumentation of UV-Visible spectrometer and applications.IR-Spectroscopy – Principle - Number of vibrational modes - Vibrational energy states of a diatomic molecule and -Determination of force constant of diatomic molecule (Numericals) –Applications. ¹H NMR spectroscopy – Principle - Relation between field strength and frequency - chemical shift - spin-spin splitting (spectral problems) - coupling constant(definition) - applications of NMR- including MRI (brief).

Module 3: Instrumental Methods and Nanomaterials

Thermal analysis –TGA- Principle, instrumentation (block diagram) and applications – TGA of CaC₂O₄.H₂O and polymers. DTA-Principle, instrumentation (block diagram) and applications - DTA of CaC₂O₄. H₂O. Chromatographic methods - Basic principles and applications of column and TLC-Retention factor. GC and HPLC-Principle, instrumentation (block diagram) - retention time and applications.

Nanomaterials - Definition - Classification - Chemical methods of preparation - Hydrolysis and Reduction - Applications of nanomaterials - Surface characterisation -SEM – Principle and instrumentation (block diagram).

Module 4: Stereochemistry and Polymer Chemistry

Isomerism-Structural, chain, position, functional, tautomerism and matamerism - Definition with examples - Representation of 3D structures-Newman, Sawhorse, Wedge and Fischer projection of substituted methane and ethane. Stereoisomerism - Geometrical isomerism in double bonds and cycloalkanes (cis-trans and E-Z notations). R-S Notation – Rules and examples - Optical isomerism, Chirality, Enantiomers and Diastereoisomers-Definition with examples. Conformational analysis of ethane, butane, cyclohexane, mono and di methyl substituted cyclohexane.

Copolymers - Definition - Types - Random, Alternating, Block and Graft copolymers - ABS - preparation, properties and applications. Kevlar-preparation, properties and applications. Conducting polymers - Doping -Polyaniline and Polypyrrole - preparation properties and applications. OLED - Principle, construction and advantages.

Module 5: Water Chemistry and Sewage Water Treatment

Water characteristics - Hardness - Types of hardness - Temporary and Permanent - Disadvantages of hard water -Units of hardness- ppm and mg/L -Degree of hardness (Numericals) - Estimation of hardness-EDTA method (Numericals). Water softening methods-Ion exchange process-Principle, procedure and advantages. Reverse osmosis – principle, process and advantages. Municipal water treatment (brief) - Disinfection methods - chlorination, ozone andUV irradiation.

Dissolved oxygen (DO) -Estimation (only brief procedure-Winkler’s method), BOD and COD definition, estimation (only brief procedure) and significance (Numericals). Sewage water treatment - Primary, Secondary and Tertiary - Flow diagram -Trickling filter and UASB process.