Biostatistics & Research Methodology Book B.Pharm 8th Semester

                                                                                    Syllabus

BIOSTATISTICS & RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

                                                                                                           (Course Code: BP801T)

Module 1                                                                                                                              (10 Hours)

Introduction

·     Statistics, Biostatistics, Frequency distribution.

Measures of Central Tendency

·     Mean, Median, Mode- Pharmaceutical examples.

Measures of Dispersion

·      Dispersion, Range, standard deviation, Pharmaceutical problems.

Correlation

·     Definition, Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation, Multiple correlation -Pharmaceuticals examples.

Module 2                                                                                                                              (10 Hours)

Regression

·     Curve fitting by the method of least squares, fitting the lines y= a + bx and x = a + by, Multiple regression, standard error of regression– Pharmaceutical Examples.

Probability

·     Definition of probability, Binomial distribution, Normal distribution, Poisson’s distribution, properties – problems, Sample, Population, large sample, small sample, Null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, sampling, essence of sampling, types of sampling, Type I Error, Type II Error ,Standard error of mean (SEM)- Pharmaceutical examples.

Parametric Test

·     t-test (Sample, Pooled or Unpaired and Paired) , ANOVA, (One way and Two way), Least Significance difference.

Module 3                                                                                                                              (10 Hours)

Non-Parametric Tests

·     Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman Test

Introduction to Research

·     Need for research, Need for design of Experiments, Experiential Design Technique, and plagiarism

Graphs

·     Histogram, Pie Chart, Cubic Graph, response surface plot, Counter Plot graph

Designing the Methodology

·     Sample size determination and Power of a study, Report writing and presentation of data, Protocol, Cohorts studies, Observational studies, Experimental studies, Designing clinical trial, various phases.

Module 4                                                                                                                              (08 Hours)

·     Blocking and confounding system for Two-level factorials.

Regression Modelling

·     Hypothesis testing in Simple and Multiple regression models.

·     Introduction to Practical components of Industrial and Clinical Trials Problems.

·     Statistical Analysis Using Excel, SPSS, MINITAB®, DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS, R - Online Statistical Software’s to Industrial and Clinical trial approach.

Module 5                                                                                                                              (07 Hours)

Design and Analysis of Experiments

Factorial Design

·     Definition, 22, 23design. Advantage of factorial design.

Response Surface Methodology

·     Central composite design, Historical design, Optimization Techniques.